Types of Socialization ✔
Types of Socialization
1) PRIMARY SOCIALISATION
2) Secondary socialization
a.Secondary socialization
refers to the process of learning what is the appropriate behavior as a member
of a smaller group within the larger society. Basically, it is the behavioral
patterns reinforced by socializing agents of society.
b.Secondary socialization
takes place outside the home.
It is where children and adults learn how to
act in a way that is appropriate for the situations they are in.
c.Schools require very
different behavior from the home, and children must act according to new rules.
New teachers have to act in a way that is different from pupils and learn the
new rules from people around them.
d.Secondary socialization is
usually associated with teenagers and adults and involves smaller changes than
those occurring in primary socialization. Such examples of secondary
socialization are entering a new profession or relocating to a new environment
or society.
4)Resocialization
a)Resocialization refers to the process of discarding
former behavior patterns and reflexes, accepting new ones as part of a
transition in one's life. This occurs throughout the human life cycle.
b)Resocialization can be an intense experience, with the
individual experiencing a sharp break with his or her past, as well as a need
to learn and be exposed to radically different norms and values.
c)One common example involves resocialization through a
total institution, or "a setting in which people are isolated from the
rest of society and manipulated by an administrative staff".
Resocialization via total institutions involves a two step process: 1) the
staff work to root out a new inmate's individual identity & 2) the staff
attempt to create for the inmate a new identity.
d) other examples of this are the experience of a young man or woman leaving home to join the military, or a religious convert internalizing the beliefs and rituals of a new faith.
5)Organizational Socialization
a)Organizational socialization is the process whereby an employee learns the knowledge and skills necessary to assume his or her organizational role.
b) As newcomers become socialized, they learn about the organization and its history, values, jargon, culture, and procedures. This acquired knowledge about new employees' future work environment affects the way they are able to apply their skills and abilities to their jobs. How actively engaged the employees are in pursuing knowledge affects their socialization process.
c)They also learn about their work group, the specific people they work with on a daily basis, their own role in the organization, the skills needed to do their job, and both formal procedures and informal norms.
d)Socialization functions as a control system in that
newcomers learn to internalize and obey organizational values and practices.
6)Group Socialization.
1)Group socialization is the
theory that an individual's peer groups, rather than parental figures, are the
primary influence of personal traits and behavior in adulthood.
2)Parental behavior and the
home environment has either no effect on the social development of children, or
the effect varies significantly between children.
3)Adolescents spend more time
with peers than with parents. Therefore, peer groups have stronger correlations
with personality development than parental figures do.
4)For example, twin brothers,
whose genetic makeup are identical, will differ in personality because they
have different groups of friends, not necessarily because their parents raised
them differently. Behavioral genetics suggest that up to fifty percent of the
variance in adult personality is due to genetic differences.
5)The environment in which a
child is raised accounts for only approximately ten percent in the variance of
an adult's personality.
6)As much as twenty percent of
the variance is due to measurement error.
7)This suggests that only a
very small part of an adult's personality is influenced by factors parents' control (i.e., the home environment). Harris claims that while it's true that
siblings don't have identical experiences in the home environment (making it
difficult to associate a definite figure to the variance of personality due to
home environments), the variance found by current methods is so low that
researchers should look elsewhere to try to account for the remaining
8)Harris also states that
developing long-term personality characteristics away from the home environment
would be evolutionarily beneficial because future success is more likely to
depend on interactions with peers than interactions with parents and siblings.
Also, because of already existing genetic similarities with parents, developing
personalities outside of childhood home environments would further diversify
individuals, increasing their evolutionary success.
समाजीकरण
सामाजिक रूप से दूसरों के साथ घुलने-मिलने की गतिविधि:
"छात्रों के साथ समाजीकरण ने उनके संचार कौशल में मदद की है"
समाज को स्वीकार्य तरीके से व्यवहार करना सीखने की प्रक्रिया:
"पूर्व-विद्यालय समाजीकरण की प्रक्रिया शुरू करता है"
समाजीकरण
इतरांसह सामाजिकरित्या मिसळण्याची क्रिया:
"विद्यार्थ्यांसह सामाजिकीकरणामुळे संप्रेषण कौशल्ये वाढण्यास मदत झाली आहे"
समाजाला मान्य असेल अशा पद्धतीने वागायला शिकण्याची प्रक्रिया:
"प्री-स्कूल समाजीकरणाची प्रक्रिया सुरू करते"
समाजीकरण
हेरांकडेन समाजीक रितीन भरसून वचपाची क्रिया: १.
"विद्यार्थ्यां कडेन समाजीकीकरणांत संवाद कौशल्य आसता".
समाजाक मान्य अशे तरेन वागपाक शिकपाची प्रक्रिया: १.
"प्री-स्कूल समाजीकरणाची प्रक्रिया सुरू करता".
all the best .kindly ask doubts in comment section below.
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